rrwcgroup5 y18rrwcgroup5 20251217 142 95 2 78 49 icons8-reading-100.png quarterly test Prepare for quarterly test 〆no dictionaries 〆no language notes → complete as h/w (annotate the pdf or attach a docx file with your answers) → send back by e-mail by Friday 20230317 → time allowed: 60min (the url will be available here later) (the file will be available here later) vocab pre teach functional language grammar focus smartphone or tablet device listening Download onto your phone or tablet and listen carefully. directions from entrance 2 left down corridor pass cafeteria on the right lifts on the right 4th floor left down corridor up staircase left down corridor 477a from 477a right downstairs right 490a from 477a turn right down corridor to sofa room 323 room 616 as of 20180801 Hotel Navchalnikov dorog Басманный переулок, 1 Golman Aleksandr 8-903-163-18-71 or 499-262-57-57 advisor to deputy CEO Maya passenger service Tatiana law icons8-reading-100.png :%s/Optional homework/optional homework Optional homework/g quarterly test Prepare for quarterly test course outline - wish list pronunciation speaking more reading of articles as prep online attendance sheet https://disk.yandex.ru/i/osf_M0t_XFbYKQ https://www.rand.org/pubs/perspectives/PEA2510-1.html Vyacheslav Dubenin Chinese use both parts of their brains (because their language depends on images) Europeans use only one side of their brains 20240327 63 yo Nadezhda 20250123 У РЖД договор с компанией Skills First, они знают что Дункан к ним приходит о школы Skills First. Если ты уже упоминал Ready Skill, ничего страшного, можно сказать что это группа компаний. Ready Skill занимается массовыми проектами, Skills First бутиковая школа для ВИП клиентов ]]> xml sbook_plugins/wordlist_generated_from_xml_clog_sbook_for_sbook_session.inc АНО ДПО "Корпоративный университет РЖД" RRWC GR5 БеловаТ.А. belovata@list.ru tbelova y18tbelova belovata@list.ru Давыдов С.В. serhio@yandex.ru Marina Grigorieva grig603@yandex.ru grigorievamv@center.rzd.ru 25 yo son Lisa Demchenko demchenko.elizaveta2016@yandex.ru 20260114 18:10-19:30 2 tbc Finding solutions By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Business Partner C1 Unit 4 Disruptors pg 41 ex 6 grammar pg 42 ex 2 reading pg 42 Developing a more sustainable business model Business Partner C1 coursebook vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> Business Partner C1 Unit 4.3 Finding solutions 132 active textbook How do make sure brainstorming is effective? ✓ don't ignore any fanciful ideas ✓ let everyone participate ✓ distinguish thinking outside the box from going off-topic (...) Functional language: Brainstorming pg 42 ex 1 A lead in pg 42 ex 1 B lead in → pg 127 brainstorming guidelines pg 42 ex 2 reading pg 42 Developing a more sustainable business model pg 43 ex 3 A B roleplay pg 129 student A pg 131 student B pg 133 student C ]]> 131 active textbook How can you build on others' ideas? ✓ use 'and' rather than 'but' pg 43 ex 4 video business_partner/business_partner_c1/business_partner_c1_video_files/business_partner_c1_video_u4_l3_4.3.1.mp4 pg 43 ex 5 vocab pg 43 ex 6 A B speaking ]]> 130 active textbook 129 128 20251217 18:10-19:30 2 active Disruptive innovation By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Business Partner C1 Unit 4 Disruptors pg 40 ex 2 reading pg 41 On the difficulty of defining disruption pg 41 ex 6 grammar Business Partner C1 coursebook vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> Business Partner C1 Unit 4.2 Disruptive innovation 127 On the difficulty of defining disruption active textbook What are the risks of being innovative? 〆can be costly and time consuming 〆fail to meet quality or cost requirements 〆fail to attract enough customers for the product/service → end up wasting resources by developing a product/service that doesn't sell Why do business pride themselves into being 'disruptive'? ✓ popular ✓ synonymous of forward-thinking ✓ breaking the old rules ✓ challenging the established order of business → used as a marketing tool pg 40 ex 1 lead in pg 40 ex 2 reading pg 41 On the difficulty of defining disruption pg 40 ex 3 reading Grammar: Hypothesising pg 41 ex 4 grammar pg 41 ex 5 A B grammar set for homework pg 41 ex 6 grammar pg 41 ex 7 A B writing ]]> 126 to entrench = (sometimes disapproving) to establish sth very firmly so that it is very difficult to change to usher = to be the beginning of sth new or to make sth new begin to plough = to put money made as profit back into a business in order to improve it nimble = (of the mind) able to think and understand quickly complacent /kəmˈpleɪsnt/ = (usually disapproving) too satisfied with yourself or with a situation, so that you do not feel that any change is necessary; showing or feeling complacency smug = (disapproving) looking or feeling too pleased about sth you have done or achieved 125 20251210 18:10-19:30 2 active Products we rely on By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Business Partner C1 Unit 4 Disruptors pg 38 ex 5 vocab pg 39 ex 6 vocab Business Partner C1 coursebook vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> 124 Half year test (logs) active wip quarterly_test_logs 123 template wip quiz matching pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png 122 1 Phrasal verbs with 'get' wip quiz matching pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png ///vocab_phrasal_verbs_with_get_c1_01.gift $CATEGORY: ELT courses/Vocabulary/General English/C1/Phrasal verbs with get to get your own back on {=to take revenge on sb ~to recover from ~to do sth wrong without getting caught} to get over {~to take revenge on sb =to recover from ~to do sth wrong without getting caught} to get away with {~to take revenge on sb ~to recover from =to do sth wrong without getting caught} to get your act together {=to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth ~to manage with what you have ~to continue doing} to get by {~to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth =to manage with what you have ~to continue doing} to get on with {~to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth ~to manage with what you have =to continue doing} 121 2 Metaphorical uses of conflict verbs wip quiz matching pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png ///vocab_metaphorical_uses_of_conflict_verbs_c1_01.gift $CATEGORY: ELT courses/Vocabulary/General English/C1/Metaphorical uses of conflict verbs Our target market was {=defeated ~shelled out ~besieged} by the cutting-edge features of our new launch. They just couldn't understand anything and felt quite puzzled. We've had to {~defeat =shell out ~siege} for the software update, we certainly weren't happy to pay so much for minor changes. The spokesperson was {~defeated ~shelled out =besieged} by a flock of journalists asking questions about the product recall, the risks of contamination, possible compensation, etc. Without informing shareholders the board of directors decided {=to overthrow ~to play fast and loose with ~to loot} the CEO who'd failed to mitigate the crisis. The young HR officer is {~overthrowing =playing fast and loose with ~looting} elder staff members: she treats them awfully, without any respect or responsibility! After the so-called merger many employees felt their plant had been {~overthrown ~played fast and loose with =looted} by the new CEO - it was more like a hostile take-over... 120 3 wip quiz matching pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png // grammar_inversion_after_negative_adverbials_selection_c1_01.csv // grammar_inversion_after_negative_adverbials_selection_c1_01.gift $CATEGORY: ELT courses/Grammar/C1+/Inversion after limiting adverbials {~Not until =Never =Only later} was it obvious it was the wrong choice {~Never =No sooner ~Only when} had the product been launched than the next one was already being designed. {~No sooner =Not until ~When} the contract was signed did they realise their mistake. {~No ever =Never =Rarely} will you need to service this machine tool as it is so reliable. {=Seldom ~Usually ~Rare} will I go there in the nearest future since our relationship has deteriorated. {~Not until =Never before ~No sooner} have we had such difficult negotiations. {~Only when =At no point ~Recently} have they considered any alternative solutions. {=Only later ~Always ~Not until} shall we find whether this political leader was right. {~Only then ~When =Not until} we reminded her of the consequences of her acts did she fully realise her mistake. {~Only much =Hardly ever ~As little} have we been challenged by our competitors. 119 4 Colloquial expressions criticising behaviour wip quiz matching pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png ///vocab_colloquial_expressions_criticising_behaviour_c1_01.gift $CATEGORY: ELT courses/Vocabulary/General English/C1/Colloquial expressions criticising behaviour Our senior engineer can get very {=nerdish ~schmaltzy ~yappy} about technical accuracy. The new HR policy to make loyal staff redundant after decades of hard work was announced in a rather {~nerdish =schmaltzy ~yappy} way. Elder employees felt {=short-changed ~mustered up ~schmaltzy} by the new board of directors. The board {=yarned ~yapped ~lashed} about the needs to slash costs in times of economic crisis. Our manager tried to {=muster up ~lash ~yarn} our team spirit to complete the project on time. The press {=lashed at ~mustered up ~short-changed} our corporate policy to relocate labour off-shore. The new secretary was {=yapping ~lashing ~yarning} so loud with her colleagues during the coffee break that we had to ask her to calm down! 118 5 Writing wip quiz matching pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png Choose two topics from the list below. When possible, use the following: as As a result of (+ noun phrase) According to (+ noun phrase) although (+ clause) however therefore as a result (+ clause) in order to (+ infinitive) What's more In addition Taking into account (+ noun phrase) What is important is that Which do you think is more important in being a good communicator, being able to express yourself or being able to listen? Why? Are there any sounds which you particularly dislike? Is borrowing words from another language an example of cultural appreciation? When did you last make a faux pas? Do you prefer reading English books in translation? Why / why not? Can you imagine why knowing the end of a story can make it more interesting to read? Have you ever read a book that was haunting you until it was made into a film? Do you rely on the back cover of a book to decide if you want to read it? Which period of history would you like to go back to? Why? What can you do to make people interested in ancient history? What are the risks of pieces of literature or films which become the received version of the truth? When did you last shell out for something? How often do you feel besieged by colleagues who ask you challenging questions? ## Marina 90% Which do you think is more important in being a good communicator, being able to express yourself or being able to listen? Why? The art of effective communication is fundamental to both personal and professional success. While the ability to clearly express one's thoughts is undoubtedly important, what's more important is that the active listening skill forms the true foundation of good communication. According to numerous psychological studies, listening is the primary channel through which we receive information and develop empathy. The primary argument for the paramount importance of listening is its role in understanding. In order to respond appropriately and build a meaningful dialogue, one must first accurately understand and interpret the other person's message, emotions, and intentions. Poor listening leads to misunderstandings, and as a result, further dialogue can be counterproductive. However, this does not diminish the value of self-expression. The ability to clearly and persuasively express ideas is vital for sharing knowledge and influencing others. What's more, expressing diverse perspectives is essential for innovation and building equal, collaborative relationships. Therefore the most effective communicators master both skills. Taking into account the complexity of human interaction, true communication is a two-way process. It begins not with speaking, but with a conscious desire to understand. As a result, while the ability to clearly and beautifully express your thoughts is the means of conveying your ideas, then skillful listening is the key skill that ensures that your goals are achieved. According to popular belief, It is often believed that summer is a time of pleasant sounds: birdsong, rustling leaves and children's laughter. However, in my opinion, one sound constantly (destroys) (spoils) this idyllic atmosphere — the constant, shrill buzzing of insects, especially on warm evenings. It is important that this irritation arises from a feeling of disturbed calm.   To fully enjoy a peaceful summer evening or a quiet night with an open window, you need silence or something (which feels) natural, without irritating sounds. The aggressive buzzing of a mosquito or fly acts as an annoying alarm. It causes irritation and a desire to get rid of an this invisible pest.  In addition, this sound often precedes the physical discomfort of a bite. Therefore, it is associated not only with noise pollution, but also with a direct physical threat. The incessant buzzing can overshadow all pleasant sensations, turning a calm mood into an irritated one.  As a result, despite the fact that summer gives us a lot of sensual pleasures, the unwanted concert of insects remains a serious obstacle to my summer vacation. ## Lisa 85% 1. «Is borrowing words from another language an example of cultural appreciation?» (If very briefly) (In a nutshell, it is | Long story short - yes | The short answer is yes), I would say that this is one of the main reasons for this cultural phenomenon. What is important is that this question takes us back to the very core of linguistic and cultural exchange, which almost always can be represented in 3 main forms: cultural appreciation, cultural appropriation or just a linguistic necessity. In order to avoid falling into this logical trap borrowing words should not be perceived as a sign of appreciation or appropriation - but should be seen a spectrum instead. On the one hand, it can be seen as an act of appreciation and enrichment: a respectful adoption that fills a gap and acknowledges another culture's contribution (for example, arab Arab and greek Greek names of different sciences - "algebra"). On the other hand, it can be seen just as a linguistic exchange: the standard, necessary way languages evolve (like the japanese Japanese word "tycoon"). From the third perspective, it can be perceived as a linguistic appropriation: adoption often made for commercial or trendy purposes, in some way disrespecting the original culture. For instance, using a word with deep cultural or spiritual meaning (like "nirvana") in a trivial, commercial, or disrespectful way (like for low-quality lousy perfume). Therefore if we see that a specific borrowed word is used with an understanding of the cultural context, appropriately and not to please a certain trend, we can consider it as a linguistic appreciation. 2. «What are the risks of pieces of literature or films which become the received version of the truth?» To start with, the phenomenon where a single piece of literature or film becomes the "received version of the truth" carries significant risks for individuals and societies, and historical understanding itself. These risks may be exposed both in historical and factual distortion dimensions (simplification of historical process), and as well as in a political and ideological one (propaganda). [to start with in the 1st paragraph - and now already the conclusion?] In conclusion, when a piece of literature or film becomes the received truth, it replaces the complex, contradictory, and collaborative project of understanding reality with a primitivized primitive | simplified | vulgarised singular story. Moreover, the greatest risk is that we trade the difficult pursuit of truth for the comfort of a good thrilling tale, with profound consequences for how people remember, judge, and act in the real life. ## Sergey 92% Which do you think is more important in being a good communicator, being able to express yourself or being able to listen? Why? Both expressing oneself and listening are crucial for effective communication, but being able to listen is arguably more important — and here’s why. According to communication experts, active listening forms the foundation of meaningful dialogue. What is important is that listening allows a person to: truly understand the other party’s perspective; identify underlying emotions and needs; respond appropriately rather than react impulsively. As a result of attentive listening, trust and rapport are built, which are essential for any productive exchange. In addition, when people feel heard, they are more likely to engage openly and cooperatively. However, this does not mean that self‑expression is unimportant. Being able to articulate thoughts clearly is vital in order to convey one’s own ideas, boundaries, and feelings. What’s more, without clear expression, even the best listener cannot contribute meaningfully to the conversation. Although strong self‑expression can make someone appear confident and engaging, it may lead to misunderstandings or conflict if not balanced with genuine listening. For instance, a person who speaks eloquently but fails to listen might dominate the conversation, overlook key concerns, or inadvertently offend others. Taking into account the dynamics of human interaction, effective communication is a two‑way process. Therefore, while both skills are necessary, listening often takes precedence because it enables the speaker to tailor their message appropriately. As a result, the communication becomes more relevant, empathetic, and ultimately more effective. In summary: Listening ensures understanding and builds connection. Expressing ensures that one’s own voice is heard. But without listening first, expression risks being misdirected or ineffective. That’s why listening is the more foundational skill in becoming a good communicator. 2 Are there any sounds which you particularly dislike? According to psychological research, certain auditory stimuli consistently provoke strong negative reactions in humans.  As a result of evolutionary adaptation, humans are particularly sensitive to high‑pitched, harsh sounds. For example, the screech of nails on a chalkboard triggers discomfort because its frequency range (2,000–4,000 Hz) overlaps with primal alarm signals like animal distress calls. Therefore, our brains interpret such sounds as potential threats. Although sound aversion seems universal, individual responses vary. What is important is that personal experiences and cultural context shape our reactions. For instance: A dentist might tolerate drill sounds easily due to habituation; Someone with misophonia could feel intense rage at ordinary chewing noises. In addition, unpredictable or intermittent sounds (like a dripping tap) are especially irritating. As a result, they disrupt concentration and elevate stress hormones. This occurs because our auditory system prioritizes novel or irregular stimuli — a survival mechanism to detect environmental changes. Taking into account modern environments, chronic exposure to industrial noises (construction, traffic) has measurable health impacts. According to WHO studies, prolonged noise pollution: raises blood pressure; impairs cognitive performance; increases risk of cardiovascular disease. However, not all loud sounds are inherently negative. A rock concert’s roar might energize fans while overwhelming others. What’s more, context determines perception: a fire alarm’s blare feels appropriate in an emergency but intolerable at 3 a.m. In order to mitigate aversive sound effects, I prefer: Using noise‑cancelling headphones for concentration; Practicing mindfulness to reduce auditory sensitivity. 117 Half year test (logs) active wip quarterly_test_logs test_log_MARINAGRIGORYEVA_half_year_test_rrwcgroup5_20251210.xml test_log_SergeyDavydov_half_year_test_rrwcgroup5_20251210.xml test_log_LisaDemchenko_half_year_test_rrwcgroup5_20251210.xml test_log_TatianaBelova_half_year_test_rrwcgroup5_20251210.xml Business Partner C1 Unit 4.1 Disruptors in business 116 Products we rely on active textbook How stressful is it to stay agile in a changing business landscape? 〆not all companies are born agile e.g. vertical hierarchy in heavy industries → need special organisational structure → train staff to be flexible ✓ take advantage of disruptive technologies to remain competitive e.g. deploy unmanned solutions, possibly thanks to AI Lexical material: Disruptors and disruption pg 38 ex 5 vocab pg 39 ex 6 vocab set for homework pg 39 ex 7 vocab pg 39 ex 8 speaking pg 39 ex 9 A B project Products we rely on pg 39 ex 9 C D project ]]> 115 agile = way of working and refers to a collection of frameworks, principles, and practices designed to help teams deliver value more quickly, collaborate more effectively, and adapt to change with confidence mainstay = person or thing that is the most important part of sth and enables it to exist or be successful lifespan = length of time that sth is likely to live, continue or function to consume = to use resources such as fuel, energy, time, or a product, especially in large amounts to reposition = strategically changing how customers perceive your brand or product in the market, shifting its meaning, target audience, or value proposition to stay relevant, compete better, or capture new opportunities, often through new messaging, features, or pricing, rather than just a new look (rebranding) to inject = to add a particular quality to sth; to give money to an organization, a project, etc. so that it can function viable = that can be done; that will be successful feasible = that is possible and likely to be achieved; practicable 114 20251203 18:10-19:30 2 active Disruptors By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. Business Partner C1 Unit 4 Disruptors Business Partner C1 coursebook vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> Business Partner C1 Unit 4.1 Disruptors in business 113 Disruption active textbook Do new technologies need to be disruptive to be successful? ✓ should create a new market for goods & services ✓ change rules = be a game changer ≠ not meant to make traditional businesses go bankrupt, though may happen if these don't adapt Lexical material: Business disruptors pg 38 ex 1 lead in pg 38 ex 2 A B video business_partner/business_partner_c1/business_partner_c1_video_files/business_partner_c1_video_u4_l1_4.1.1_ME_l.mp4 pg 38 ex 3 video business_partner/business_partner_c1/business_partner_c1_video_files/business_partner_c1_video_u4_l1_4.1.1_ME_l.mp4 T / Cl How can you compete with disruptors? ✓ buy a disruptor to use it ✓ invest in a disruptor ✓ create an organisation similar to a disruptor ✓ change (rewire) your own business culture = most challenging How has e-commerce changed the way you go shopping? ✓ consume faster & better pg 38 ex 4 speaking ]]> 112 disruptive = causing problems, noise, etc. so that sth cannot continue normally 111 reducing decreasing ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 5 A No time for anything 110 Am I too busy? active textbook It is not enough to be busy. So are the ants. The question is: What are we busy about? pg 46 ex 1 A speaking pg 46 ex 1 B C quiz pg 46 ex 1 D speaking pg 46 ex 2 A B reading pg 47 Are you a ___ to being busy pg 47 What keeps you h___ is being busy, busy, busy pg 46 ex 2 C reading pg 46 ex 2 D vocab pg 46 ex 2 E speaking ]]> 109 Mindfulness active textbook 108 active textbook 107 active textbook 106 active textbook 105 active textbook 104 busyness = fact of working hard or giving your attention to a particular thing 20251126 18:10-19:30 2 active Revise & check By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 - 4 Revise & check pg 45 ex A B reading pg 45 We fell in love without speaking English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 - 4 Revise & check 103 Unit 3 - 4 Revise & check active textbook What do you usually sigh at? ✓ silly comments pg 44 ex A B C grammar pg 44 ex A B C vocab pg 45 ex D vocab T / Cl Would you slam the door of your boss's office? 〆probably not pg 45 ex A B reading pg 45 We fell in love without speaking pg 45 listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd03/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd03_02.mp3 ]]> 102 to get hold of = to find someone or obtain something 101 sighed /'said/ 20251119 18:10-19:30 2 active What sparked Russian gas? | Fallacies of the Russian gas market By the end of this session you will have studied smartphone or tablet device print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 - 4 Revise & check pg 45 ex A B reading pg 45 We fell in love without speaking English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) (only Lisa present) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> C1 What sparked Russian gas? 100 pix/icons8-collaboration-100_white.png collaboration 1 Lead in edit_ol_qa lead_in active pix/power-station-374097_1280.jpg Discuss the following questions. What natural resources does the Russian Federation exploit? ✓ fossil fuels (e.g. natural gas, coal, oil) ✓ mineral resources (iron ore, manganese, chromium, nickel, platinum, titanium, copper, tin, lead, tungsten, diamonds, phosphates, gold) in 2019: ✓ world's largest natural gas reserves ✓ second largest coal reserves and eighth largest oil reserves ✓ one of the largest producers and exporters of natural gas ✓ third largest oil producer & second largest oil exporter (...) coal = hard black mineral that is found below the ground and burnt to produce heat fossil fuel = fuel such as coal or oil, that was formed over millions of years from the remains of animals or plants Is their exploitation competitive? ✓ costs of extraction are negligible thanks to high market prices ✓ tax on fossil fuels & mineral resources is comparatively low (the tax rate is actually twice higher for Gazprom than for independent producers, Gazprom is the only producer allowed to export) What are the most common misconceptions of the Russian gas market? 1) the government is thought to subsidise the gas industry. 〆low prices are not part of a state programme to help developing the economy 2) market share held by Gazprom ✓ Gazprom's supplies account for less than 50% but assumed to be as large as 90% 3) price regulation of gas ✓ applies only to household & public consumption ✓ only supplies by Gazprom should be sold at a regulated price → half of the market operates in a non-regulated | deregulated manner 99 2 Vocab active edit_match_qa shuffled_boxes03 pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png Match the expressions with their definition. oil-based pricing unlike most products, oil prices are not determined entirely by supply, demand and market sentiment toward the physical product. Rather, supply, demand and sentiment toward oil futures contracts, which are traded heavily by speculators, play a dominant role in price determination (source: www.investopedia.com) spot market public financial market in which financial instruments or commodities are traded for immediate delivery. Contrasts with a futures market, in which delivery is due at a later date product or a raw material that can be bought and sold, especially between countries gas-on-gas competition price mechanism determined by the interplay of supply and demand and is traded over a variety of different periods (daily, monthly, annually or other periods) and physical hubs (e.g. Henry Hub) or notional hubs (e.g. NBP in the UK). Also included in this category is spot LNG, any pricing which is linked to hub or spot prices and also bilateral agreements in markets where there are multiple buyers and sellers. (Source: www.igu.org/) (https://www.theprojectdefinition.com/gas-on-gas-competition-gog/) NBP = national balancing point, virtual trading location for the sale and purchase and exchange of UK natural gas futures contract the most common way that traders take a position on natural gas is with a futures contract, such as the Henry Hub natural gas futures contract on the CME. With a futures contract, traders agree to the delivery of a certain amount of natural gas at a set date in the future for an agreed-upon price CME = Chicago Mercantile Exchange 98 3 3 A Big Bang of the Russian gas What sparked Russian gas? edit_short_reading_floating reading_floating pix/icons8-reading-100_white.png active Read the article and answer the following questions. Why did the natural gas market become glutted? A sudden spike in oil prices in the 1990s drove bankers to invest in the development of the gas infrastructure in the 1990s. These efforts engendered an over-supply of gas by the turn of the millennium. Will natural gas be sold at a lower price? No, one may expect higher gas prices on short term markets within a decade or so as a result of bankers ceasing investing in the further development of the gas supply chain around 2015. What sparked Russian gas? B.Cherny, D.Potter 20200207
1. Until the end of the 20th century the gas market seemed to thrive quite happily on its oil price based mechanism; supply and demand were balanced, consumers enjoyed reliable delivery and providers could invest in long term ventures. 2. The 1990s, however, witnessed a sudden spike in oil prices which resulted in buyers having to pay threefold for the same product. This unfair conjuncture drove bankers to invest in the development of the gas infrastructure. 3. The liquefied natural gas industry took off worldwide. Huge gas fields were developed. Buyers of gas were offered a broader choice from various gas fields and gas exchange hubs, in the North Sea, Algeria and the Russian Federation, to name but a few. Consequently, pricing for Russian gas in Europe depends on competition between the supply from the North Sea and Algeria. 4. Paradoxically, these efforts engendered an over-supply of gas by the turn of the millennium; once the market had been glutted the price of gas ended up being slashed by three by around 2005. 5. There are many other factors accounting for the drop in the price of gas. First of all, spare capacity for disparate seasonal needs is a prerequisite. What's more, buyers will be charged if not all gas is consumed. It has therefore become cheaper to buy all the gas than pay penalties for not using up remainders. This excess of volume available, however, will be traded as a short term instrument at a lower price than the long term one. These features have led to the emergence of short term markets selling excess gas leading to even lower prices. 6. Since bankers stopped investing in the further development of the gas supply chain around 2015, one may expect higher gas prices on short term markets within a decade or so. Whether this will end the so-called 'gas-on-gas competitive pricing' has yet to be seen. conjuncture = combination of things happening at the same time to spark = to cause sth to start or develop, especially suddenly blue oil = gas (because it is expected to replace black oil and coal in the future) to thrive = to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc spike = sharp rise followed by a sharp decline to name but a few = used when you are mentioning only a small number of people or things as examples of a large group to engender = (endengered /en'dʒendə:d/) to make a feeling or situation exist to glut = to supply or provide sth with too much of sth disparate = /ˈdɪspərɪt/ made up of parts or people that are very different from each other gas-on-gas = ~ competition price mechanism determined by the interplay of supply and demand and is traded over a variety of different periods (daily, monthly, annually or other periods) and physical hubs (e.g. Henry Hub) or notional hubs (e.g. NBP in the UK). Also included in this category is spot LNG, any pricing which is linked to hub or spot prices and also bilateral agreements in markets where there are multiple buyers and sellers. (Source: www.igu.org/) (https://www.theprojectdefinition.com/gas-on-gas-competition-gog/)
97 pix/icons8-collaboration-100_white.png Debate 4 8 edit_ol_qa debate active Debate over the following statements and questions. Will Russian blue oil continue to flow in Europe? 〆days of European dependence on Russian gas are over 〆Europe is looking for alternative, renewable energies → the Russian Federation is now building new pipes to export gas to China Can domestic needs for gas make up for shrinking exports to Europe? ✓ national, industrial needs in the production of amarment could prove to be a new, profitable market for gas players armament = weapons, especially large guns, bombs, tanks, etc Is gas-on-gas competition still a useful tool? 〆there is probably only a need for a spot market 〆priority now is to maintain prices at a profitable level for both state & individual market players → burn (or flare) excess of gas in chimneys? → scarcity makes gas more desirable scarcity = when there is not enough of sth and it is difficult to obtain it 96 oil-based pricing = unlike most products, oil prices are not determined entirely by supply, demand and market sentiment toward the physical product. Rather, supply, demand and sentiment toward oil futures contracts, which are traded heavily by speculators, play a dominant role in price determination (source: www.investopedia.com) spot market = public financial market in which financial instruments or commodities are traded for immediate delivery. Contrasts with a futures market, in which delivery is due at a later date NBP = national balancing point, virtual trading location for the sale and purchase and exchange of UK natural gas futures contract = the most common way that traders take a position on natural gas is with a futures contract, such as the Henry Hub natural gas futures contract on the CME. With a futures contract, traders agree to the delivery of a certain amount of natural gas at a set date in the future for an agreed-upon price CME = Chicago Mercantile Exchange conjuncture = combination of things happening at the same time to spark = to cause sth to start or develop, especially suddenly blue oil = gas (because it is expected to replace black oil and coal in the future) to glut = to supply or provide sth with too much of sth to thrive = to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc spike = sharp rise followed by a sharp decline to name but a few = used when you are mentioning only a small number of people or things as examples of a large group conjuncture = combination of things happening at the same time to spark = to cause sth to start or develop, especially suddenly blue oil = gas (because it is expected to replace black oil and coal in the future) to thrive = to become, and continue to be, successful, strong, healthy, etc spike = sharp rise followed by a sharp decline to name but a few = used when you are mentioning only a small number of people or things as examples of a large group to engender = (engendered /en'dʒendə:d/) to make a feeling or situation exist to glut = to supply or provide sth with too much of sth disparate = /ˈdɪspərɪt/ made up of parts or people that are very different from each other gas-on-gas = ~ competition price mechanism determined by the interplay of supply and demand and is traded over a variety of different periods (daily, monthly, annually or other periods) and physical hubs (e.g. Henry Hub) or notional hubs (e.g. NBP in the UK). Also included in this category is spot LNG, any pricing which is linked to hub or spot prices and also bilateral agreements in markets where there are multiple buyers and sellers. (Source: www.igu.org/) (https://www.theprojectdefinition.com/gas-on-gas-competition-gog/) C1 Fallacies of the Russian gas market 95 pix/icons8-reading-100_white.png Is Russian gas flaring up? 1 edit_short_reading_floating reading active Read the article. Find 3 fallacies concerning Russian natural gas exploitation. 1) market share 2) price regulation of gas 3) domestic price levels Why is Russian gas not likely to flare up? Russian gas is part and parcel of a larger, geopolitical strategy. Is Russian gas flaring up? D.Potter 20190812
1. Thanks to its abundant natural resources, Russia is perceived as a country enjoying low energy prices and paying little attention to consumption efficiency. Gas prices used to be around ten times lower than in Europe. The days when people opened their windows in the middle of winter to cool down their overheated flats are not over. More disturbingly yet, summer 2019 saw export prices of natural gas cheaper than domestic ones, though most Russians probably wouldn't have flared up. 2. At 45 euro per thousand cubic metres, Russian exported gas proves cheaper than the domestic one. This is due to a complex mechanism and, once transport and tax costs have been included, doesn't finally mean European consumers will pay less for gas than Russian consumers. This is but a wider, long-term Russian strategy justifying hefty investments in building pipelines with five partner countries in the north and south of Europe. 3. The trend in lowering gas prices began by coincidence at the end of the Cold War and on the demise of the USSR when the United Nations changed its agenda and re-focused its priorities on world-wide de-carbonisation. There are, however, many other reasons. Until the noughties, natural gas prices were closely linked to oil fluctuation. When the price of oil per barrel flirted with USD 100 many companies invested heavily in gas which was perceived as blue oil replacing black oil and coal in the future. 4. At the turn of the millennium, the EU took political steps to reduce its dependence on large supplies from Algeria, Norway, as well as Russia. It liberalised its internal trade which, a decade later, became a very independent, mature natural gas market with the establishment of its own specific gas commodity exchanges. The separation of gas and oil prices in Europe meant gas prices were not affected by the high spike of oil prices any more and consequently prices in Europe were slashed almost twofold as could be observed in 2019. In order not only to preserve but also to increase its share of the market, Gazprom has had to position its selling price accordingly. 5. The price decline of natural gas also stems from stricter regulations regarding shale oil in the US. By law, natural gas cannot be flared: it is a by-product whose volumes will increase at little or no cost. Gas is sold in the US at a lower price than in the Russian Federation where there are no such regulations concerning shale oil. Furthermore, American deposits of gas are estimated to be available for another 50 years. 6. Finally, the advent of financially viable horizontal drilling (as opposed to traditional vertical drilling) has made the exploitation of some areas profitable only in the past decade. Horizontal drilling had been considered in the days of the USSR but dismissed due to the abundance of conventional deposits of oil and gas, as well as substantial technological obstacles. The fact that Ukraine features deposits which are accessible thanks to this technology may explain many things... 7. With Europe's third-largest shale gas reserves of 1.2 trillion cubic metres (tcm) in the Yuzivska gas field located in the provinces of Donetsk and Kharkiv, as well as the Olesska field in the provinces of Lviv and Ivano-Frankivsk (source: Wikipedia), just in the middle of Europe, horizontal drilling in Ukraine could lead to even cheaper natural gas, and perhaps reshape the geopolitical map. But fear not, despite numerous fallacies regarding Russian market prices, Russian gas is not likely to flare up. abundant = existing in large quantities; more than enough to flare up = (of flames, a fire, etc.) to suddenly start burning more brightly; (of a person) to suddenly become angry flared = burnt in a bright manner, but usually for only a short time or not steadily to stem = (~ from) to be the result of sth decarbonisation /diːˌkɑːbənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ = reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced as a result of transport, including emissions released directly during transport and emissions due to the production of transport - for example emissions from the production of electricity used to power a given mode slashed = reduced by a large amount twofold = twice as much or as many hefty = (of an amount of money) large; larger than usual or expected advent = coming of an important event, person, invention, etc fallacies = false ideas that many people believe are true demise /dɪˈmaɪz/ = end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, etc
94 2 pix/icons8-reading-100_white.png Reading comprehension edit_ol_qa edit_short_reading_floating reading_for_detail active Answer the following questions true (T), false (F), or does not say (DNS): Savings in heating are not on the agenda of Russian households [ T / F / DNS ] [ T ] The days when people opened their windows in the middle of winter to cool down their overheated flats are not over. Russians probably don't find outrageous the fact that the gas they pay for local use is more expensive than the one which is exported [ T / F / DNS ] [ T ] Most Russians probably wouldn't flare up. The collapse of the Soviet Union is one reason among others why the UN has made the end of fossil fuels a priority [ T / F / DNS ] [ F ] ... the demise of the USSR when the United Nations changed its agenda and re-focused its priorities on world-wide de-carbonisation. Expansion of the pipeline grid is not a viable operation by itself [ T / F / DNS ] [ DNS ] This is but a wider, long-term strategy justifying hefty investments in building pipelines in the north and south of Europe. Another reason explaining why gas exported by Gazprom is cheaper than the domestic gas is hidden by a common belief that Gazprom's Russian market share is as large as 90% [ T / F / DNS ] [ T ] Another reason is veiled by the cliché that Gazprom's Russian market share is as large as 90%. In reality, Gazprom supplies over 50% of the Russian market [ T / F / DNS ] [ F ] other players who cater for the needs of electricity generating companies and the secondary sector, whose needs account for over 50% of the market. Recent availability of horizontal drilling technology means Russian gas is going to become even cheaper [ T / F / DNS ] [ F | DNS ] despite (...) numerous fallacies regarding Russian market prices, Russian gas is not likely to flare up. 93 cliché = (disapproving) phrase or an idea that has been used so often that it no longer has much meaning and is not interesting fallacy = false idea that many people believe is true to subtract = to take a number or an amount away from another number or amount; to deduct; antonym of add flagship = most important product, service, building, etc. that an organization owns or produces leverage = ability to influence what people do demise /dɪˈmaɪz/ = end or failure of an institution, an idea, a company, etc to flare up = (of flames, a fire, etc.) to suddenly start burning more brightly; (of a person) to suddenly become angry slashed = reduced by a large amount twofold = twice as much or as many hefty = (of an amount of money) large; larger than usual or expected decarbonisation /diːˌkɑːbənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ = reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions produced as a result of transport, including emissions released directly during transport and emissions due to the production of transport - for example emissions from the production of electricity used to power a given mode advent = coming of an important event, person, invention, etc 92 20251112 18:10-19:30 2 active Evelyn Glennie's career By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 B The sound of silence pg 43 ex 6 B reading pg 43 Quiet carriages English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 B The sound of silence 91 Quiet carriages active textbook Are you easily disturbed by noise on trains? ✓ wear ear plugs ✓ use noise-cancelling headphones pg 43 ex 6 A speaking pg 43 ex 6 B reading pg 63 Quiet carriages pg 43 ex 6 C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd03/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd03_01.mp3 pg 42 ex 6 D speaking ]]> 90 Video listening: Evelyn Glennie active textbook Which do you think is more important in being a good communicator, being able to express yourself or being able to listen? Why? ✓ both are relevant = self-confidence & eloquence vs empathy & patience → understanding when to choose which is more important pg 42 ex 7 A B video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/EF4ADC_4B_Evelyn_Glennie.mp4 pg 42 ex 7 C speaking ]]> 89 obnoxious = extremely unpleasant, especially in a way that offends people DIY = (BrE) activity of making, repairing or decorating things in the home yourself, instead of paying sb to do it (abbreviation for 'do it yourself') flip-flops = (AmE also thong) a type of sandal (= open shoe) that has a strap that goes between the big toe and the toe next to it block of flats = large building that is divided into apartments 88 tables signs remind people to follow rules They afraid threatened us with by calling the police ]]> 20251105 18:10-19:30 2 active How being quiet can change your life By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 B The sound of silence pg 149 ex A B grammar pg 42 ex 5 B C reading pg 42 How being quiet can change your life English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 B The sound of silence 87 What's going on active textbook Are you as good as Sherlock Holmes at making deductions? ✓ must be able to read the room → can't be blind to make speculations pg 41 ex 4 E speaking What's going on → pg 108 student A → pg 113 student B ]]> 86 Grammar practice: Speculation and deduction active textbook pg 149 ex B grammar ]]> 85 How being quiet can change your life active textbook When can silence be better than music? ✓ when relaxing outdoors Lexical material: Peace and quiet pg 42 ex 5 A speaking pg 42 ex 5 B C reading pg 42 How being quiet can change your life pg 42 ex 5 D vocab pg 42 ex 5 E speaking T / Cl Do you find it difficult to muster up self restraint? What do you do? ✓ you know it is better not to = self-restraint ✓ you need to find the ability to stop yourself from doing it = muster up → go for a walk ]]> 84 hubbub = loud sound made by a lot of people talking at the same time; situation in which there is a lot of noise, excitement and activity to cherish = to love sb/sth very much and want to protect them or it; to keep an idea, a hope or a pleasant feeling in your mind for a long time to break the ice = to do or say something to relieve tension or get conversation going in a strained situation or when strangers meet to strip away = to take away retreat = quiet, private place that you go to in order to get away from your usual life; period of time when sb stops their usual activities and goes to a quiet place for prayer and thought; an organized event when people can do this to embrace = to accept an idea, a proposal, a set of beliefs, etc., especially when it is done with enthusiasm; to include; to hug to muster up = to find as much support, courage, etc. as you can 83 enough long enough for ... If the training would be was | were in silence, it wouldn't be so interesting Such music must make you make feel not so concentrate concentrated He lives completely without Tv at all ]]> disastrous /,di'zæstrəs/ Pilates /pɪˈlɑːtiːz/ 20251029 18:10-19:30 2 active The best and worst sounds By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 B The sound of silence pg 166 ex 1 B vocab pg 40 ex 3 A reading pg 40 41 The best and worst sounds English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 B The sound of silence 82 The best and worst sounds active textbook Do you find the patter of rain relaxing? ✓ makes you think you are closer to nature, away from civilisation → like the crackling of an open fire pg 40 ex 3 A reading pg 40 41 The best and worst sounds pg 41 ex 3 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_29.mp3 T / Cl Does 'Stop yapping!' have a positive or negative connotation? ✓ negative = talking in a silly, noisy and usually irritating way pg 41 ex 3 C D listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_30.mp3 pg 41 ex 3 E speaking ]]> 81 Grammar: Speculation and deduction active textbook Don't you think someone snoring next door must be particularly irritating? ✓ it must be irritating 〆it can't be pleasant pg 41 ex 4 A listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_31.mp3 pg 41 ex 4 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_32.mp3 set for homework pg 41 ex 4 C grammar → pg 149 grammar 4 B pg 41 ex 4 D speaking pg 41 ex 4 E speaking What's going on → pg 108 student A → pg 113 student B ]]> 80 Grammar practice: Speculation and deduction active textbook pg 149 ex B grammar ]]> 79 crackling = series of sharp sounds, e.g. crackling of burning trees patter = sound that is made by sth repeatedly hitting a surface quickly and lightly whine = long high sound that is usually unpleasant or annoying; long high cry that a child or dog makes when it is hurt or wants sth; high tone of voice that you use when you complain about sth yappy = (especially of small dogs) barking a lot, making a high, sharp and usually irritating sound; (informal) talking in a silly, noisy and usually irritating way 78 listen to hear the crackling of the fire It must have been a fly flying by close to his ear It could have been the roar of a motorbike It can't have been a true real | genuine animal ]]> 20251022 18:10-19:30 2 active Gone girl | 4 B The sound of silence By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 A An open book pg 120 ex B reading pg 120 Gone girl pg 120 ex C grammar English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 A An open book 77 Writing a review active textbook Are skills required for publishing a white paper the same as those relevant to reviewing pieces of literature, films or the arts in general? ✓ summarising the plot, the issue at stake → story telling techniques ✓ vocabulary white paper = persuasive report that advocates a position or a solution to a problem, often used for marketing or government purposes Functional language: Analysing a model text pg 120 ex A speaking pg 120 ex B reading pg 120 Gone girl T / Cl What would match what happens in the end of a review? ✓ bottom line ✓ financial result ✓ exit strategy (...) ]]> 76 20251022-1901 20200122-1907 Participle clauses active grammar 75 20190418-1837 Drill: Participle clauses active review grammar_participle_clauses_selection_b2_03.csv 74 Writing a review active textbook pg 121 ex D grammar Useful language pg 121 ex E F vocab Functional language: Planning what to write pg 121 ex A B speaking set for homework - to be confirmed pg 121 writing a review for a student magazine ]]> 73 account = written or spoken description of sth that has happened; explanation or a description of an idea, a theory or a process red herring = unimportant fact, idea, event, etc. that takes people's attention away from the important ones to tackle = to make a determined effort to deal with a difficult problem or situation; ~ sb (about sth) to speak to sb about a problem or difficult situation white paper = persuasive report that advocates a position or a solution to a problem, often used for marketing or government purposes English File 4th edition C1 4 B The sound of silence 72 Sounds active textbook Have you ever said something which you regretted later? 〆when being a teenager 〆while angry at your colleague → wished had kept silent ✓ silence can be interpreted as a reply Lexical material: Sounds and the human voice pg 40 ex 1 A speaking T / Cl Which onomatopoeia might be confusing? ✓ hoot ≠ beep beep pg 40 ex 1 B vocab → pg 166 vocabulary bank Sounds and the human voice pg 40 ex 1 C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_22.mp3 ]]> 71 Sounds and the human voice active textbook Are there any sounds which you particularly dislike? ✓ the slurp of people eating soup (...) Lexical material: Sounds pg 166 ex 1 A listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_23.mp3 set for homework pg 166 ex 1 B vocab pg 166 ex 1 C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_24.mp3 Lexical material: The human voice pg 166 ex 2 A vocab pg 166 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_25.mp3 pg 166 ex 2 C speaking ]]> 70 Pronunciation: Consonant clusters active textbook english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_26.mp3 pg 40 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_27.mp3 pg 40 ex 2 C speaking ]]> 69 to slap = to hit sb/sth with the flat part of your hand to rattle = to make a series of short loud sounds when hitting against sth hard; to make sth do this; to make a series of short loud sounds as it moves somewhere; to make sb nervous or frightened; ~ sb's cage (spoken) to annoy sb; ~ around sth (informal) to be living, working, etc. in a room or building that is too big to roar = to make a very loud, deep sound; ~ (sth) (out) to shout sth very loudly; ~ (with laughter) to laugh very loudly to slurp = to make a loud noise while you are drinking sth to screech = to make a loud high unpleasant sound to giggle (at / about sb/sth) = to laugh in a silly way because you are amused, embarrassed or nervous; the giggles = (informal) continuous giggling that you cannot control or stop to groan (at / with sth) = to make a long deep sound because you are annoyed, upset or in pain, or with pleasure to stutter = to have difficulty speaking because you cannot stop yourself from repeating the first sound of some words several times to stammer = to have difficulty speaking because you cannot stop yourself from repeating the first sound of some words several times to sob = to cry noisily, taking sudden, sharp breaths to sigh /sai/ (with sth) = to take and then let out a long deep breath that can be heard, to show that you are disappointed, sad, tired, etc 68 20251015 18:10-19:30 2 active Borrowing words By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 A An open book pg 38 ex 6 B reading pg 38 Sobremesa pg 38 Ta'arof English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 A An open book 67 Borrowing words active textbook Is borrowing words from another language an example of cultural appreciation? ✓ more practical approach to communicating about modern technologies, lifestyles, etc than trying to preserve one's own language 〆not only cultural appreciation pg 38 ex 6 A speaking pg 38 ex 6 B reading pg 38 Sobremesa pg 38 Ta'arof T / Cl Would you enjoy the cultural aspects of a society where people show seemingly excessive politeness? ✓ shows respect 〆hinders transparency in business pg 39 ex 6 C vocab pg 39 ex 6 D speaking ]]> 66 Pronunciation active textbook When did you last make a faux pas? ✓ forgot someone's birthday pg 39 ex 7 A vocab pg 39 ex 7 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_22.mp3 pg 39 ex 7 C speaking Functional language: Writing a review pg 39 ex 8 writing → pg 120 writing a review ]]> 65 cavoli riscaldati = literally means "reheated cabbage" in Italian, but the idiom refers to an attempt to revive a failed relationship or love affair. It is often linked to the proverb, "neither reheated cabbage nor revived love is ever any good," suggesting that a relationship that ended once is unlikely to be better the second time seigneur-terraces = French term for a cafe customer who spends a long time sitting at a table while only spending a small amount of money Drachenfutter = gift, either physical or in the form of a favour, which men give to their wives or girlfriends to say sorry for staying out late faux pas = (from French) action or a remark that causes embarrassment because it is not socially correct cliche = (disapproving) phrase or an idea that has been used so often that it no longer has much meaning and is not interesting debacle /də'bɔkəl/ = event or a situation that is a complete failure and causes embarrassment; fiasco aficionado /ə,fi:ʃyə'nɔ,dəu/ = person who likes a particular sport, activity or subject very much and knows a lot about it connoisseur /ˌkɔnəˈsə:/ = expert judge in matters of taste (a connoisseur of fine wine) schadenfreude /ˈʃɑːd(ə)nˌfrɔɪdə/ = satisfied feeling everyone gets at times when someone else runs into misfortune. In German, Schadenfreude literally means "damage-joy" force majeure = unforeseeable circumstances that prevent someone from fulfilling a contract; natural events that would trigger a force majeure clause are often referred to as “acts of God.” The force majeure clause of a contract will typically specify what types of events would relieve the parties of their contractual obligations 64 20251008 18:10-19:30 2 active Reading English books in translation By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 A An open book pg 148 grammar bank 4 A English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 A An open book 63 English books in translation active textbook Do you prefer reading English books in translation? ✓ more accessible → read first in your mother tongue, then in English pg 38 ex 5 A speaking pg 38 ex 5 B C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_20.mp3 pg 38 ex 5 D speaking pg 38 ex 5 E F listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_21.mp3 pg 38 ex 5 G speaking ]]> 62 to dub = to replace the original speech in a film/movie or television programme with words in another language 61 became has become more perfect even better ]]> 20251001 18:10-19:30 2 active Spoilers By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 A An open book pg 37 ex 2 D E reading pg 37 Spoilers actually enhance your enjoyment English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 A An open book 60 Spoilers actually enhance your enjoyment active textbook Can you imagine why knowing the end of a story can make it more interesting to read? ✓ get hooked by some intriguing conclusion → you want to find out how it happened ✓ focus better on the plot pg 37 ex 2 D reading pg 37 Spoilers actually enhance your enjoyment pg 37 ex 2 E vocab T / Cl Have you ever read a book that was haunting you until it was made into a film? ✓ many classics lose their gripping narrative when they are simplified for Tv viewers pg 37 ex 2 F speaking ]]> 59 Describing books and films active textbook Would you know how to describe your favourite book so that your friends would want to read it? ✓ need both appealing vocab & story-telling devices e.g. inversion for emphasis Lexical material: Books and films pg 37 ex 3 A vocab pg 37 ex 3 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_19.mp3 ]]> 58 20240607-0956 20190912-1423 Inversion after negative adverbials active grammar no circumstances [can we sign | we can sign] the contract ✓ can we sign ♣ Under no circumstances = limiting adverbial phrase → inversion Now, the contract is ready. You say: Under such circumstances [can we sign | we can sign] the contract ✓ we can sign ♣ Under such circumstances = prepositional phrase → no inversion needed I seldom read a book when I haven't read its review ♠ seldom = adverb - I read = present simple (no auxiliary) Seldom do I read a book when I haven't read its review ♠ seldom = limiting adverbial in front position (for emphasis) ♣ do I read (added auxiliary 'do') = inversion verb / subject (in the main clause) The company will not give any refund ♣ Under no circumstances will the company give a refund = emphasis on the restrictive or negative aspect = negative adverbial phrase + inversion ✓ formal speech ✓ formal writing warning Watch out After 'not until', 'only when' and 'only after' the inversion is in the main clause Which is more logical? 1) I read a book only after I have read its review 2) I read its review only after I have read the book ✓ 1) Which is the main clause? 1) I read a book (only after) 2) I have read its review ✓ 1) (only after) 2) I have read its review = restrictive condition Where is the inversion in the following sentence: clause 1) or clause 2)? 1) I read a book (only after) 2) I have read its review 〆Only after have I read(2) its review | I read a book ✓ Only after I have read its review | do I read (1) a book = limiting adverbial w/o inversion | main clause with inversion ]]> 57 Mindmap: Limiting adverbials active textbook limiting adverbials mindmap
smartphone or tablet device print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. limiting_adverbials_mindmap.pdf ]]> 56 20191010-1219 Inversion after limiting adverbials active review 55 Grammar: Adding emphasis (inversion) active textbook How can you make sentences more emphatic? ✓ negative / limiting adverbs pg 37 ex 4 A grammar pg 37 ex 4 B grammar → pg 148 grammar bank 4 A pg 37 ex 4 C speaking ]]> 54 saga = long traditional story about adventures and brave acts, especially one from Norway or Iceland; long story about events over a period of many years speckled = covered with small marks or spots to concoct = to make sth, especially food or drink, by mixing different things; to invent a story, an excuse, etc to flick through = to turn the pages of a book, etc. quickly and look at them without reading everything sneaky = (informal) behaving in a secret and sometimes dishonest or unpleasant way to ring true = which seems to be true, plausible creepy = causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or slight horror; strange in a way that makes you feel nervous haunting = beautiful, sad or frightening in a way that cannot be forgotten heavy going = difficult or boring to deal with; difficult to read or understand implausible = not seeming reasonable or likely to be true to lash (~ at) = to hit sb/sth with great force; to hit a person or an animal with a whip, rope, stick, etc; to criticize sb/sth in a very angry way puffed = breathing quickly and with difficulty because you have been having a lot of physical exercise breakneck = very fast and dangerous 53 just now to this day Not since until the river frozen froze could people use it instead of a bridge ]]> 20250924 18:10-19:30 2 active Talking about books By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 A An open book pg 36 ex 2 B reading pg 36 The Adventure of the speckled band pg 36 Lamb to the slaughter English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 4 A An open book 52 Talking about books active textbook Which do you prefer talking about: books, cinema, Netflix series? ✓ Netflix series are probably more popular → better bet for starting a conversation 〆books are perhaps for an elder generation? ✓ series have more time developing a plot & characters → more opportunities for sophisticated story telling than just a single feature film → now many series are competing with literature as a new genre pg 36 ex 1 A speaking pg 36 ex 1 B C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_17.mp3 pg 36 ex 1 D listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_18.mp3 T / Cl Is there any book you couldn't put down and think it should be turned into a film? Why? ✓ lively characters ✓ gripping plot pg 36 ex 1 E speaking ]]> 51 Reading active textbook Do you rely on the back cover of a book to decide if you want to read it? ✓ read reviews in forums ✓ follow recommendations of friends pg 36 ex 2 A speaking pg 36 ex 2 B reading pg 36 The Adventure of the speckled band pg 36 Lamb to the slaughter pg 36 ex 2 C speaking → pg 108 student A → pg 112 student B ✓ practise story telling ✓ build suspense 〆don't spoil the plot by giving away the secret too early! ]]> 50 saga = long traditional story about adventures and brave acts, especially one from Norway or Iceland; long story about events over a period of many years speckled = covered with small marks or spots slaughter = killing of animals for their meat; cruel killing of large numbers of people at one time, especially in a war; massacre to concoct = to make sth, especially food or drink, by mixing different things; to invent a story, an excuse, etc sneaky = (informal) behaving in a secret and sometimes dishonest or unpleasant way creepy = causing an unpleasant feeling of fear or slight horror; strange in a way that makes you feel nervous haunting = beautiful, sad or frightening in a way that cannot be forgotten heavy going = difficult or boring to deal with; difficult to read or understand implausible = not seeming reasonable or likely to be true to lash (~ at) = to hit sb/sth with great force; to hit a person or an animal with a whip, rope, stick, etc; to criticize sb/sth in a very angry way puffed = breathing quickly and with difficulty because you have been having a lot of physical exercise 49 poisoned poisonous snake Meanwhile While Mary was cooking lamb, she ... You watched read the last pages of a book? I decided to wait for him outside ]]> lamb /læm/ roald /'rəuld/ dahl /'dɔl/ 20250917 18:10-19:30 2 active The conversation Talking about books By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 4 A An open book pg 36 ex 2 B reading pg 36 The Adventure of the speckled band pg 36 Lamb to the slaughter English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Colloquial English: Talking about history 48 Looking at language active textbook If there's an awful lot of sth, this is positive or negative? ✓ positive = informal, enthusiastic register pg 35 ex 2 A video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_comp_check_LAL.mp4 ]]> 47 The conversation active textbook Which period of history would you like to go back to? Why? ✓ any period in the past that helps understand the present The longer you can look back, the farther you can look forward Winston Churchill, 1944 pg 35 ex 3 A B video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Conversation_2__Period_of_history___Group_5.mp4 pg 35 ex 3 C speaking pg 35 ex 3 D video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Conversation_2__Period_of_history___Extracts.mp4 pg 35 ex 3 E speaking ]]> 46 45 20250910 18:10-19:30 2 active The conversation By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Colloquial English: Talking about history 44 The interview active textbook What can you do to make people interested in ancient history? ✓ add a plot to a historical event The interview part 1 pg 34 ex A reading pg 34 biographical information about Mary Beard pg 34 ex B C video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_part_1_pro_res.mp4 T / Cl What is more important: homeland security or civil rights? ✓ same problem was debated in Ancient Rome as it is nowadays pg 34 ex D speaking The interview part 2 pg 34 ex A B video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_part_2_pro_res.mp4 pg 34 ex C speaking The interview part 3 pg 34 ex A video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_part_3_pro_res.mp4 T / Cl Is it really relevant to be nerdish about historical accuracy? ✓ probably not for the masses → focus on getting people interested first ≠ not being deadly serious → should not be tedious pg 35 ex B vocab pg 35 ex C speaking ]]> 43 to short-change = to cheat (someone) by giving insufficient money as change; to treat unfairly by withholding something of value nerdish = characterized by great enthusiasm for and knowledge about a particular subject, especially one of specialist or niche interest schmaltzy = (informal, disapproving) quality of being too sentimental; bathetic, drippy, slushy, soupy yarn (to spill ~s) = (informal) long story, especially one that is exaggerated or invented; thread that has been spun, used for knitting, weaving, etc 42 20250903 18:10-19:30 2 active Colloquial English: Talking about history By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 B Dramatic licence pg 33 ex 7 C speaking 3 B Historical inaccuracies (read about films) → pg 107 student A (Marina, Sergey) The favourite (Queen Anne) → pg 113 student B (Tatyana, Lisa) Victoria & Abdul English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 B Dramatic licence 41 Describing historical inaccuracies active textbook → practise discourse markers pg 33 ex 7 A B speaking Functional language: Describing historical inaccuracies pg 33 ex 7 C speaking 3 B Historical inaccuracies (read about films) → pg 107 student A The favourite (Queen Anne) → pg 113 student B Victoria & Abdul pg 33 ex 7 D speaking ]]> 40 stirring = causing strong feelings; exciting to defeat = if sth defeats you, you cannot understand it; to puzzle; to stop sth from being successful to shell = to fire shells at sth (fire missiles); to remove the shell or covering from nuts, peas, etc; to shell out (for sth) ~ sth out (for sth) (informal) to pay a lot of money for sth to play fast and loose with = to treat sth or sb in a way that shows you feel no responsibility or respect for it / them English File 4th edition C1 Colloquial English: Talking about history 39 The interview active textbook What can you do to make people interested in ancient history? ✓ add a plot to a historical event The interview part 1 pg 34 ex A reading pg 34 biographical information about Mary Beard T / Cl Do you expect Mary Beard to use academic language & speak like a professor? 〆probably not → should use register and examples relevant to today's audience = don't use classicists' language → reason why Mary Beard is described as 'Britain's best-known classicist' pg 34 ex B C video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_part_1_pro_res.mp4 T / Cl What is more important: homeland security or civil rights? ✓ same problem was debated in Ancient Rome as it is nowadays → question imprisonment at Guantanamo Bay without trial pg 34 ex D speaking The interview part 2 pg 34 ex A B video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_part_2_pro_res.mp4 pg 34 ex C speaking The interview part 3 pg 34 ex A video english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_video_audio_sub/resource/23._Mary_Beard_mixed_part_3_pro_res.mp4 T / Cl Is it really relevant to be nerdish about historical accuracy? ✓ probably not for the masses → focus on getting people interested first ≠ not being deadly serious → should not be tedious pg 35 ex B vocab pg 35 ex C speaking ]]> 38 classicist = person who studies ancient Greek or Latin; person who follows classicism in art or literature dame /deɪm/ = title given to a woman with the rank of Knight Commander or holder of the Grand Cross in the Orders of Chivalry; woman holding this title; comic middle-aged woman in modern pantomime, usually played by a man to torch = to set fire to to short-change = to cheat (someone) by giving insufficient money as change; to treat unfairly by withholding something of value nerdish = characterized by great enthusiasm for and knowledge about a particular subject, especially one of specialist or niche interest schmaltzy = (informal, disapproving) quality of being too sentimental; bathetic, drippy, slushy, soupy yarn (to spill ~s) = (informal) long story, especially one that is exaggerated or invented; thread that has been spun, used for knitting, weaving, etc 37 20250827 18:10-19:30 2 active Discourse markers By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 B Dramatic licence pg 147 ex A B grammar English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 B Dramatic licence 36 Interview with Adrian Hodges active textbook Should historical films be accurate? ✓ be aware not all facts are verifiable 〆shouldn't twist facts too much → don't be intentionally deceiving pg 32 ex 5 A B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_14.mp3 pg 32 ex 5 C D listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_15.mp3 T / Cl What are the risks of pieces of literature or films which become the received version of the truth? 〆people learn historically inaccurate facts 〆build a distorted view → can't take sound decisions pg 32 ex 5 E speaking ]]> 35 Adverbs & adverbial expressions active textbook [As a matter of fact | All in all] life in the days of the Soviet Union wasn't that bad. ✓ as a matter of fact = actually (in response to a negative argument) ✓ all in all = to make a generalisation / summary pg 32 ex 6 A listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_16.mp3 set for homework pg 32 ex 6 B grammar → pg 147 grammar bank 3 B ]]> 34 Grammar practice: Adverbs & adverbial expressions (discourse markers) active textbook ]]> 33 2 pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png Discourse markers B2 active wip xml_multi_dd_row xml_multi_dd_row in order to finish the project → expressing a purpose / result]]> 17 10 left 1;2;3;4;5;18 6 7;8;9;10;11;12;13;17 14 15;16;17;18;5;13 Consequently though in spite of while yet still nevertheless Having said that Moreover To put it in a nutshell Bearing in mind Having said that Given the current situation ]]> expressing a cause since as Following In accordance with (Given the current situation) expressing a purpose / result Consequently expressing a contradiction though in spite of while yet still nevertheless Having said that adding an argument Moreover considering all aspects To put it in a nutshell Bearing in mind (Having said that) Given the current situation ]]> 32 2 pix/icons8-dictionary-100_white.png Discourse markers C1 active wip xml_multi_dd_row in order to finish the project → expressing a purpose / result]]> 14 12 left 1;2 3;4;5;6 7;8;9;11;12;13;14 10;15;16 11;12;13;14;15;16;17 18;19 Much unexpected as it may be, However strange it may sound, ... However strange it may sound, ... Not only was it ..., it was also ... Not only was it ..., it was also ... Try as you might, Seeing that To cut a long story short, ]]> expressing a cause Owing to On account of expressing a purpose / result It gave rise to It brought about hence with a view to (+ gerund) expressing a contradiction despite nonetheless Contradictory to Much unexpected as it may be, However strange it may sound, ... adding an argument Furthermore Not only was it ..., it was also ... emphasising Surprised, I couldn't say anything Much unexpected as it may be, However strange it may sound, ... Not only was it ..., it was also ... Try as you might, considering all aspects Seeing that To cut a long story short, ]]> 31 20221031-0935 Drill: Discourse markers B2 03 active review vocab_discourse_markers_b2_03.csv 30 stirring = causing strong feelings; exciting to defeat = if sth defeats you, you cannot understand it; to puzzle; to stop sth from being successful to shell = to fire shells at sth (fire missiles); to remove the shell or covering from nuts, peas, etc; to shell out (for sth) ~ sth out (for sth) (informal) to pay a lot of money for sth to play fast and loose with = to treat sth or sb in a way that shows you feel no responsibility or respect for it / them treacherous /ˈtretʃərəs/ = that cannot be trusted; intending to harm you; dangerous, especially when seeming safe odds = degree to which sth is likely to happen; something that makes it seem impossible to do or achieve sth to engineer = (often disapproving) to arrange for sth to happen or take place, especially when this is done secretly in order to give yourself an advantage; to design and build sth startled = surprised suddenly in a way that has been slightly shocking or frightening owing to = because of following (+ noun phrase) = as a result of to bring about = to result in to give rise to = to result in to put it in a nutshell = to sum up with a view to (+ gerund) = in order to however = used to introduce a statement that contrasts with sth that has just been said; but yet = in spite of what has just been said in spite of (+ noun phrase) = although despite (+ noun phrase) = although nevertheless = in spite of sth that you have just mentioned nonetheless = in spite of this fact having said that = despite what has just been said whereas = used to compare or contrast two facts; in contrast or comparison with the fact that; although; in spite of the fact that while = although; in spite of the fact that bearing in mind = remembering and considering something when making a decision or before taking action 29 20250820 18:10-19:30 2 active Historical films By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 B Dramatic licence pg 165 ex 2 A vocab pg 165 ex 3 A vocab English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 B Dramatic licence 28 Conflict and warfare active textbook When did you last shell out for something? ✓ business lunch with prospective customers Functional language: Using dark humour & warfare-related metaphors to talk about unpleasant topics T / Cl What happens if deadlines are too tight? 〆can't reach your targets 〆experience casualties among team members = use dark humour to talk about unpleasant topics Lexical material: Conflict and warfare pg 30 ex 1 A vocab pg 30 ex 1 B vocab → pg 165 vocabulary bank Conflict and warfare ]]> 27 Describing a scene from a film active textbook How good are you at story-telling? Why would you use present simple instead of past simple to narrate a story? ✓ use present simple for giving the impression of watching the scene now = dramatic present Functional language: Describing a scene from a film with the present simple (aka 'dramatic present') pg 31 ex 4 A B speaking → choose a well-known scene from a film based on a true story (but don't give its title!) → introduce the scene with past simple & past continuous → switch to present simple for giving the impression of watching the scene now (dramatic present) follow-up questions → how historically accurate is it? → would you recommend watching it? pg 31 ex 4 C writing ]]> 26 Interview with Adrian Hodges active textbook Should historical films be accurate? ✓ be aware not all facts are verifiable 〆shouldn't twist facts too much → don't be intentionally deceiving pg 32 ex 5 A B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_14.mp3 pg 32 ex 5 C D listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_15.mp3 T / Cl What are the risks of pieces of literature or films which become the received version of the truth? 〆people learn historically inaccurate facts 〆build a distorted view → can't take sound decisions pg 32 ex 5 E speaking ]]> 25 stirring = causing strong feelings; exciting to defeat = if sth defeats you, you cannot understand it; to puzzle; to stop sth from being successful to shell = to fire shells at sth (fire missiles); to remove the shell or covering from nuts, peas, etc; to shell out (for sth) ~ sth out (for sth) (informal) to pay a lot of money for sth to play fast and loose with = to treat sth or sb in a way that shows you feel no responsibility or respect for it / them 24 20250813 18:10-19:30 2 active Dramatic licence By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 B Dramatic licence pg 30 ex 1 A vocab pg 30 ex 3 B reading pg 31 History brought to life English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 B Dramatic licence 23 Conflict and warfare active textbook When did you last shell out for something? ✓ business lunch with prospective customers Functional language: Using dark humour & warfare-related metaphors to talk about unpleasant topics T / Cl What happens if deadlines are too tight? 〆can't reach your targets 〆experience casualties among team members = use dark humour to talk about unpleasant topics Lexical material: Conflict and warfare pg 30 ex 1 A vocab pg 30 ex 1 B vocab → pg 165 vocabulary bank Conflict and warfare ]]> 22 Vocabulary bank: Conflict and warfare active textbook How often do you feel besieged by colleagues who ask you challenging questions? ✓ often pushed to your limits Lexical material: People and events (conflict and warfare) pg 165 ex 1 A B vocab pg 165 ex 1 C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_10.mp3 Lexical material: Conflict verbs set for homework pg 165 ex 2 A vocab pg 165 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_11.mp3 Lexical material: Metaphorical uses of conflict verbs set for homework pg 165 ex 3 A vocab pg 165 ex 3 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_12.mp3 ]]> 21 Pronunciation - Stress in word families active textbook Have you got the spirit of a rebel? ✓ you want to rebel /rə'bel/ = resist authority or control pg 30 ex 2 A vocab pg 30 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_13.mp3 ]]> 20 History brought to life active textbook Are you keen on biopics? Why / why not? ✓ entertaining ✓ educational → edutainment pg 30 ex 3 A speaking pg 30 ex 3 B reading pg 31 History brought to life Language in context pg 30 ex 3 C D vocab pg 30 ex 3 E speaking ]]> 19 to loot = to steal things from shops/stores or buildings after a RIOT, fire, etc; money and valuable objects taken by soldiers from the enemy after winning a battle loot = money and valuable objects taken by soldiers from the enemy after winning a battle; (informal) money and valuable objects that have been stolen by thieves; (informal) money marauder /mə:'ɔ:də:/ = someone who roams around looking for things to steal. You might hear news reports about a marauder breaking into cars in your neighbourhood casualties = person who is killed or injured in war or in an accident to overthrow = to remove a leader or a government from a position of power by force coup /ku:/ = sudden, illegal and often violent, change of government; fact of achieving sth that was difficult to do the wounded /'wu:ndəd/ = people injured by a weapon, for example in a war siege /si:dʒ/ = military operation in which an army tries to capture a town by surrounding it and stopping the supply of food, etc. to the people inside; situation in which the police surround a building where people are living or hiding, in order to make them come out; to lay ~; to lift ~ besieged = surrounded by hostile forces ceasefire = time when enemies agree to stop fighting, usually while a way is found to end the fighting permanently; truce to succeed = (in doing sth) to achieve sth that you have been trying to do or get; to have the result or effect that was intended; to come next after sb/sth and take their/its place or position 18 ally /'ælai/ 20250806 18:10-19:30 2 active Forms and expressions with 'get' By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship pg 146 ex A B grammar pg 164 ex 1 2 3 vocab Unit 3 B Dramatic licence English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship 17 Grammar practice: Forms with 'get' active textbook How do you get people to lend you money? ✓ smile ✓ use a gun You can go a long way with a smile. You can go a lot farther with a smile and a gun Al Capone pg 146 ex 1 A B grammar ]]> 16 Vocabulary bank: Expressions with 'get' active textbook Have you got any secrets to get your act together before an important meeting? ✓ isolate yourself to concentrate ✓ drink coffee ♣ to get your act together = to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth Lexical material: Expressions with 'get' pg 164 ex 1 A vocab pg 164 ex 1 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_07.mp3 Lexical material: Idioms with 'get' pg 164 ex 2 A vocab pg 164 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_08.mp3 Lexical material: Phrasal verbs with 'get' T / Cl How do you get over a failure? ✓ focus on lessons learnt pg 164 ex 3 A vocab pg 164 ex 3 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_08.mp3 ]]> 15 to get sb to do sth = to persuade to get the chance = to have the opportunity to get to know = to discover what sb or sth is really like to get your own back on = to take revenge on sb to get real = to see things as they really are; don't act foolishly to get your act together = to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth to get on like a house on fire = to get on very well with sb to be getting on = to be getting old (always used in the continuous form) to get over = to recover from to get on with = to continue doing to get through to = to make sb understand to get away with = to do sth wrong without getting caught to get by = to manage with what you have to get sb down = to make sb depressed to get out sth = to avoid a responsibility or obligation to touch grass | to go touch grass = to spend time outside in nature or doing activities in the real world, instead of spending time on the internet 14 drive driving on the left Me too neither, I didn't used to get into trouble ... that's why I'm used to get getting my own way ]]> 20250730 18:10-19:30 2 lc By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship pg 146 ex A B grammar pg 164 ex 1 2 3 vocab Unit 3 B Dramatic licence English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> 13 20250723 18:10-19:30 2 active I swapped apps for dating IRL By the end of this session you will have studied print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship pg 28 ex 3 B reading I swapped apps for dating IRL English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship 12 Identifying attitudes active textbook What is the most successful strategy to meet someone? → probably trying a new activity, sport or hobby ✓ less contrived than attending a singles' event ✓ less embarrassing than going on a blind date pg 28 ex 3 A speaking pg 28 ex 3 B reading I swapped apps for dating IRL pg 28 ex 3 C D listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_04.mp3 pg 28 ex 3 E grammar english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_05.mp3 Lexical material: Verb patterns with suggest pg 29 ex F vocab pg 29 ex G listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_06.mp3 pg 29 ex H speaking ]]> 11 Forms with 'get' active textbook Why should you avoid using 'get'? 〆has many meanings & uses → weak verb i.e. can be used for anything 〆rather informal register pg 29 ex 4 A grammar set for homework pg 29 ex 4 B grammar → pg 146 grammar bank 3A ]]> 10 Grammar practice: Forms with 'get' active textbook How do you get people to lend you money? ✓ smile ✓ use a gun You can go a long way with a smile. You can go a lot farther with a smile and a gun Al Capone pg 146 ex 1 A B grammar ]]> 9 Phrasal verbs with 'get' active textbook What do you do to get on well with people? ✓ socialise at the coffee point ✓ find out what you have in common Lexical material: Phrasal verbs with 'get' pg 29 ex 4 C vocab set for homework pg 29 ex 4 D vocab → pg 164 vocabulary bank ]]> 8 Vocabulary bank: Expressions with 'get' active textbook Have you got any secrets to get your act together before an important meeting? ✓ isolate yourself to concentrate ✓ drink coffee ♣ to get your act together = to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth Lexical material: Expressions with 'get' pg 164 ex 1 A vocab pg 164 ex 1 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_07.mp3 Lexical material: Idioms with 'get' pg 164 ex 2 A vocab pg 164 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_08.mp3 Lexical material: Phrasal verbs with 'get' T / Cl How do you get over a failure? ✓ focus on lessons learnt pg 164 ex 3 A vocab pg 164 ex 3 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_08.mp3 ]]> 7 Questionnaire active textbook What kind of behaviour gets you down? ✓ lack of punctuality ✓ sloppiness ✓ irresponsibility → feel depressed pg 29 ex 4 D vocab pg 29 ex 5 speaking T / Cl What chores does your manager get you to do despite your seniority? ✓ drawing up lists of participants ✓ signing agreements ]]> 6 IRL = in real life contrived = (disapproving) planned in advance and not natural or genuine; written or arranged in a way that is not natural or realistic to chat up = to talk or behave amorously, without serious intentions; to flirt to get sb to do sth = to persuade to get the chance = to have the opportunity to get to know = to discover what sb or sth is really like to get your own back on = to take revenge on sb to get real = to see things as they really are; don't act foolishly to get your act together = to organise yourself more effectively in order to achieve sth to get on like a house on fire = to get on very well with sb to be getting on = to be getting old (always used in the continuous form) to get over = to recover from to get on with = to continue doing to get through to = to make sb understand to get away with = to do sth wrong without getting caught to get by = to manage with what you have to get sb down = to make sb depressed to get out sth = to avoid a responsibility or obligation chores = task that you do regularly; unpleasant or boring task 5 for some advices pieces of advice Despite the fact that she was sometimes scary scared, she learnt that... As The more I understand the people, the better (OR easier) I can build a relationship Only one person can be on holiday at the same period (at a time) ]]> 20250715 18:10-19:30 2 active A love-hate relationship By the end of this session you will have studied 20250709 advance cancellation smartphone or tablet device print Download onto your tablet or print the following pdf for our next lesson. English File 4th edition Advanced Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship pg 26 ex 1 C D reading pg 26-27 Hater app pg 27 ex 1 E reading for detail English File 4th edition Advanced (course book) vznaniya meeting Vznaniya meeting details https://webinar.vznaniya.com/rooms/56o-1tx-ktb-8ep/join ]]> English File 4th edition C1 Unit 3 A A love-hate relationship 4 The hater app active textbook What do you enjoy most: craving or ranting? pg 26 ex 1 C D reading pg 26-27 Hater app T / Cl Is it healthy to be united by things which you dislike? 〆may lead to doom scrolling 〆induces negative thinking, pessimism pg 27 ex 1 E reading for detail pg 27 ex 1 F G vocab pg 27 ex 1 H I speaking ]]> 3 Pronunciation active textbook Can you identify attitudes from pronunciation? english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_01.mp3 pg 27 ex 2 B listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_02.mp3 pg 27 ex 2 C listening english_file/english_file_4th_edition_2019/english_file_4th_edition_advanced/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02/english_file_4th_edition_advanced_audio_cd02_03.mp3 ]]> 2 cargo short = shorts with the legs usually extending down to near-knee lengths. Have become popular as urban casual wear, since they are loose-fitting and quite convenient for carrying extra items during everyday foot trips or while cycling to delude sb / yourself (into doing sth) = to make sb believe sth that is not true to bond = to unite to loathe = to dislike sb/sth very much singleton = single person aversion to | from | for = strong feeling of not liking sb/sth 1